Rivers are vital ecosystems that support people, plants, and animals. For thousands of years, humans have altered waterways to meet needs such as farming, energy production, and transportation. While these changes have brought social and economic benefits, they have also harmed wildlife, degraded habitats, and reduced water quality. This lesson explores how river restoration aims to return waterways closer to their natural state, supporting fish, birds, and other wildlife, reducing flood risks, and improving water quality. By examining human impacts on rivers and the role of restoration, students will consider how people and nature can work together to make more sustainable choices for the future.